The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant changes in the way mental health services are delivered. With lockdowns and physical distancing measures in place, many individuals turned to teletherapy as a necessary alternative to in-person sessions. Even as in-person services resume, virtual therapy remains a widely used and valued option for many clients and clinicians alike.
This guide offers an overview of how teletherapy works, its benefits, challenges, and current evidence on its effectiveness.

What is Teletherapy?

Teletherapy refers to the provision of psychological or coaching services remotely, using digital tools such as video conferencing, telephone calls, or secure messaging. It allows clients to engage in therapy from the comfort of their home or another private setting, offering greater flexibility and accessibility in many cases.

Common Modes of Delivery

Teletherapy can be conducted through various methods, depending on the client’s preferences and the therapist’s capabilities:
• Video sessions: A widely used format that allows face-to-face interaction over secure platforms.
• Phone sessions: Suitable for clients who may not have reliable internet access or prefer audio communication.
• Text-based communication: This includes messaging or email correspondence, often used in coaching or supportive therapy settings.

Benefits of Teletherapy

Teletherapy offers several practical and clinical advantages:

1. Accessibility

Teletherapy can help bridge geographical gaps, making it easier for individuals in rural or remote areas to receive care. It is also a helpful option for those with mobility challenges or caregiving responsibilities.

2. Convenience

Sessions can be scheduled with more flexibility, often reducing time spent commuting or arranging child care. This format may be especially beneficial for clients with demanding schedules.

3. Continuity of Care

Clients who relocate or travel frequently can continue working with their existing therapist, provided that licensing regulations permit cross-jurisdictional care.

4. Insurance Coverage

Most insurance plans now cover teletherapy on par with in-person therapy. However, it is recommended to verify coverage with your provider before beginning services.

5. Privacy and Comfort

For some, engaging in therapy from a familiar environment can make the process feel less intimidating. It may also help reduce the stigma associated with visiting a mental health clinic.

Clinical Effectiveness

The clinical effectiveness of teletherapy has been the subject of numerous studies:

• A four-year study published in Psychiatric Services reported a 25% reduction in hospitalization rates among patients using telemental health services (Hilty et al., 2013).
• A review in the Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare found that teletherapy was comparably effective to in-person therapy in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with similar outcomes and dropout rates (Turgoose et al., 2018).
• Another study in Telemedicine and e-Health confirmed the reliability of virtual diagnosis and treatment across different populations, including adults, children, and geriatric clients (Shore et al., 2014).
• Research published by the American Psychological Association indicated no significant difference in therapeutic alliance between clients receiving cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) over the phone versus those attending in person (Mohr et al., 2012).

Considerations and Challenges

While teletherapy is a valuable option for many, it may not be ideal in every situation. Some common challenges include:
• Technical difficulties: Poor internet connectivity or device limitations can interrupt sessions.
• Privacy concerns: Clients may find it difficult to secure a quiet, confidential space—particularly in shared living environments.
• Security risks: Although therapists use secure platforms, digital communication can carry potential risks of data breaches.
• Reduced non-verbal communication: Especially during phone or text-based sessions, therapists may have less access to body language or facial cues.
• Client preferences: Some individuals may feel less engaged or connected in a virtual format, preferring in-person interaction.

Conclusion

Teletherapy has become an integral part of the mental health care landscape. It offers a practical, flexible, and clinically effective option for many individuals, especially when in-person therapy is not feasible.

However, it is important to assess each client’s specific needs and preferences when deciding whether teletherapy is the appropriate mode of care.
As with any therapeutic relationship, ongoing communication between the client and therapist is essential to ensure the chosen format continues to meet therapeutic goals.

If you are considering teletherapy, speaking with a licensed professional can help determine whether it is the right fit for you.

 

References

1. Hilty DM, Ferrer DC, Parish MB, Johnston B, Callahan EJ, Yellowlees PM. The effectiveness of telemental health: a 2013 review. Telemed J E Health. 2013;19(6):444–454.l

2. Turgoose D, Ashwick R, Murphy D. Systematic review of lessons learned from delivering tele-therapy to veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. J Telemed Telecare. 2018;24(9):575–585.

3. Shore JH, Savin D, Orton H, Beals J, Manson SM. Diagnostic reliability of telepsychiatry in American Indian veterans. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;164(1):115–118.

4. Mohr DC, Ho J, Duffecy J, Reifler D, Sokol L, Burns MN, Jin L, Siddique J. Effect of telephone-administered vs face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy on adherence to therapy and depression outcomes among primary care patients: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012;307(21):2278–2285.